Tag Archives: costs draftsmen
My intellectual property rights have been infringed
I assume readers are familiar with search engines such as Google and Yahoo.
In addition to the ordinary search results they produce, they also also show sponsored links. This works by allowing advertisers to purchase the right to have their advert displayed when certain keywords are typed into the search engine. For example, a business selling designer goods might choose the keywords “designer goods” and “fashion”.
Louis Vuitton brought a case against Google complaining that adverts for counterfeit items popped up when internet users searched for the company and that this infringed their trademark rights. They wanted to prevent others from being able to use their registered trademarks as a keywords.
The case ended up being referred to the European Court of Justice. The preliminary ruling was that there was no breach.
All very interesting, but what has this got to do with legal costs, I hear you ask?
I recently discovered that a Google search for Gibbs Wyatt Stone produces a sponsored link for an entirely different firm of law costs draftsmen (although I wouldn’t quite describe our services as being those of traditional costs draftsmen). I suppose I should be flattered that our reputation is such that others hope to raise their own profile by association with our name. However, I’m left feeling vaguely used and violated.
And so what do you do?
In the past, when meeting people for the first time, I have always dreaded being asked what it is I do for a living. To a non-lawyer there is no easy way to explain the role of a defendant costs consultant. However, the recent furore over MPs’ expenses has made my task easier.
Now, when I get asked this question, I can respond: “You know the way when MPs were allowed to police their own expenses they claimed for the most outrageous things? Well, claimant lawyers are much the same when it comes to their legal billing. I’m the type of lawyer whose job it is to police claimant lawyers and stop them from claiming for their duck house or to have their moat cleaned”.
If any readers have a better summary of a defendant law costs consultant’s role, that is remotely printable, please feel free to add under comments.
Future of the legal costs industry
An article of mine was recently published in the Solicitors Journal on the future of the legal costs industry. For those who haven’t already read it, it can be found here (click link). Sure to ruffle a few feathers.
Not enough personal injuries occuring
Notification of funding – The New Rules
Click image to enlarge:
The Legal Costs Blog – Who reads this rubbish?
Contrary to all logic and common sense, the Legal Costs Blog appears to have acquired a not insignificant readership.
The Solicitors Journal, aimed not just at solicitors but lawyers generally, claims that its website attracts over 34,000 users a month. Insurance Times, aimed at the whole insurance industry, claims over 45,000 users per month. Both websites have excellent and comprehensive content. The Gibbs Wyatt Stone website attracts over 12,000 users per month. The majority of this traffic is attracted to the Legal Costs Blog pages. Gibbs Wyatt Stone are a niche firm operating in a niche area of the law. These figures suggest one of two things. First, it may be that the figures quoted by the Solicitors Journal and Insurance Times are not as impressive as they first appear. Alternatively, the Legal Costs Blog is attracting a surprisingly high readership given the nature of its content. I’ll leave readers to make up their own minds as to which of these it is.
It can safely be assumed that a large proportion of the readership are those who work within the English legal costs world. However, it appears that this blog has a wider reach. We have one subscriber from the High Court in Anguilla in the Caribbean. The other week I was contacted by a charming chap from the Czech Republic asking for book recommendations on the subject of legal costs as this was his “hobby” (and I thought I was the only one).
A comment recently added to one of my previous posts concerning the Jackson Costs Review complained that this was “a most biased defendant based blog”. Well, yes. That’s the point. Unfortunately, the comment was posted anonymously and so we will never know who expressed that view (although I’m sure there are plenty who share it). Strangely, a specialist costs barrister who had recently seen the blog suggested I should consider “making it more overtly for defendants”. Goodness knows how some people would react if I did make it more defendant leaning.
On a related topic, it has recently been reported that Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation (whose publications include The Sun and The Times) is set to start charging online customers for news content across all of its websites. The internet has increasingly been viewed as a source of unlimited free information (in theory paid for by advertising). The tide may be starting to turn. You’ll be pleased to know that we currently have no plans to start charging for the blog. Remember, you can subscribe to the blog by entering your email address in the box part way down the web page and receive posts straight to your inbox. If you get tired of receiving them, just unsubscribe.
Jackson Costs Review – Part 7 – A shrinking role for costs draftsmen?
Lord Justice Jackson’s Preliminary Report on Civil Litigation Costs (see previous post) focuses on the perceived problems that have arisen in recent years in relation to legal costs: “There is no doubt that litigation over costs has increased dramatically in recent years, and that this growth is one of the driving factors behind the present review. Whilst many such disputes concerned issues which would need to be resolved under any system which involves costs-shifting, the disputes over the enforceability of conditional fee agreements have generated more litigation, arguably to less useful purpose, than any other. … [L]engthy detailed assessment hearings (largely devoted to legal arguments about recoverability and other technical challenges) still abound. This continuance of technical battles, albeit on changing fronts, appears to be attributable to the huge sums of costs which are in play. Both in the field of personal injury and in other areas, the Costs War is still being fought with some vigour.”
The Report goes on: “Taken collectively, the law reports of the last decade present the unseemly spectacle of endless and expensive squabbles about how much money should be paid to lawyers. … The question must be asked whether the Costs War either serves the public interest or benefits the profession as a whole. If the answer to this question is no, then consideration must be given to what further measures (beyond those already adopted) should be taken in order to stamp out such litigation. … In commenting on the issues raised in Phase 1 of the Costs Review, Professor Ian Scott (general editor of the White Book) stated: ‘I do fear that the profession to which I belong has lost its soul and is far too preoccupied with making money. Further, I think it is capable by its actions of killing the goose that has laid the golden egg. Another thing I feel strongly about is the shocking squandering of scarce court resources on refereeing of disputes about costs’”.
In addition to some of the radical proposals for dealing with these perceived problems, such as increased fixed fees and an end to two-way costs shifting, a number of the options up for consideration include changes to the current detailed assessment process. Some of the problems and options highlighted by the Report include:
1. “The most frequently expressed view is that the costs of detailed assessment and the court fees charged for it are often disproportionate to the amounts at stake in the main proceedings.”
2. “What is required is a bill which gives relevant information to the court and to the paying party and which is transparent. The current form of bill makes it relatively easy for a receiving party to disguise or even hide what has gone on.”
3. “Whilst detailed points of dispute may be necessary in high value complex cases, there is no such necessity in low value, straightforward bills.”
4. “A major problem in the SCCO is the fact that many detailed assessment cases settle very late in the day when it is too late to appoint another case in place of the settled case.”
5. “If a matrix, scale or tariff is in place for fast track cases there is no need for points of dispute or any reply. Depending on the structure of the fast track costs scheme it may be possible to do away with detailed assessment of such cases altogether. In order to cater for exceptional cases there should be an escape clause enabling a receiving party [or paying party] who feels that the scale allowance is too low [or too high] to apply to the court for a detailed assessment subject to a costs risk, e.g., if the assessment does not result in an increase [or decrease] of 20% or more the party applying will bear the costs of the detailed assessment.”
6. “[I]t is suggested that the Costs Practice Direction should be amended to the effect that in fast track cases points of dispute should not extend to more than three pages. … In low value cases it may be possible to dispense with points of dispute altogether, or at least to limit them to points of principle rather than quantum.”
7. “There should be a requirement that the paying party should make an offer in respect of the costs at the same time as serving points of dispute. Where the points of dispute assert that no costs should be payable, eg because of a breach of the CFA Regulations, a provisional offer should be made on the basis that the preliminary issue is decided in favour of the receiving party.”
8. “There appears to be no reason why Part 36 should not apply to detailed assessment proceedings in the same way as it applies to the substantive proceedings. This would provide greater certainty than the present provision in the rules that any offer to settle ‘may be taken into account’.”
9. “For bills of up to say £50,000 it may be possible to have a system of provisional assessment whereby the costs officer considers the bill and supporting papers in the light of the points of dispute.”
10. The decision in Crane v Canons Leisure Centre [2007] EWCA Civ 1352 may need to be reversed.
All these proposals are designed to reduce costs disputes and reduce the cost of costs disputes. None of this is good news for the average law costs draftsman or other costs professional.
Changes to the assessment process
At the end of July I attended the last of Jackson LJ’s Costs Review Seminars. This seminar focused on detailed assessments and explored various ways to try to improve the process. The majority of those attending were costs draftsmen, costs judges and other costs professionals.
What was interesting was the way that some of the ideas that emerged were met with virtually unanimous support from those present except for one or two individuals who clearly passionately believed that these very same proposals were either unworkable or entirely counter-productive.
One of the suggestions was that the current format for bills of costs was inappropriate and should be replaced with a new format. Rather than, as now, largely focusing on a list of chronological items of work, the bill should be more focused on providing an explanation as to why certain work was necessary or why this work was unusually time consuming. This proposal received virtually unanimous support and a costs judge and a regional costs judge have been tasked with producing a new model bill to incorporate this suggestion.
Although understanding the logic behind this proposal, I was one of the very few who strongly opposed this idea. Preambles to bills are already often unnecessarily long and self-serving, trying to justify the level of costs claimed by highlighting the supposed difficulties in the matter. My concern is that any formal requirement to explain and justify at the outset the costs claimed will turn bills into pages of lengthy prose that serve little purpose other than to drive up costs. Worse, much of this may prove to be entirely wasted. Time will be spent seeking to justify work that the paying party may have had no intention of disputing. Hopefully the model bill and any changes to the rules will overcome my concerns.
A second proposal was to introduce provisional assessments for lower value claims for costs. These would be conducted on paper with an option to proceed to a full detailed assessment if a party was unhappy with the provisional assessment, though possibly with strict costs penalties if a party failed to do better at the full assessment. I shared the majority view that this was a sensible proposal. There were only two dissenters and these were, interestingly enough, a regional costs judge and a costs officer. Their concern was that the provisional assessment option would be so attractive to parties that it would lead to a far higher number of cases reaching the courts than currently proceed to detailed assessment. This would lead to the courts being swamped with work they could not cope with. Of course, given any proposals emerging from the Jackson Review will almost certainly include fixed costs for fast-track claims this concern may be somewhat misplaced. Based on the figures being discussed at the seminar, for cases to be eligible for provisional assessment, most multi-track claims would be excluded. There would be relatively few claims likely to qualify once fast-track claims are removed from the process. Further, the workload of the courts should significantly decrease, in terms of costs disputes, as a result of fixed costs.
Click image to enlarge:
Advising on success fees
Advising clients on the level of success fee that might be allowed in any given case is an inherently difficult task given the unpredictability of the courts. Another reason why it is difficult to advise is due to the method by which success fee are normally calculated. The courts generally accept, as a starting point, the “Ready Reckoner” (see for example paragraph 4 of Atack v Lee [2004] EWCA Civ 1712). This allows for a calculation that, based on the prospects of success fee in any given case, produces the correct level of success fee to reflect that risk. The difficulty with the figures produced by this method is that a tiny change in the prospects of success can produce a radically different success fee. For example, a case with a 50% chance of success produces a 100% success fee. A case with a 60% chance of success produces only a 67% success fee. Therefore even a very small difference in a judge’s assessment of the prospects of success can radically alter the amount that can be allowed on a bill. How can one accurately advise a client as to what a judge is likely to allow?
Gibbs Wyatt Stone were instructed in relation to a case concerning a claimant who had tripped over a defective paving stone. This type of claim is generally recognised as not being straightforward due to the availability of a s58 statutory defence. However, the typical difficulty still arose as to what figure to recommend in relation to the level of success fee. In the event, GWS advised that the Defendant’s offer of £14,500, made prior to a formal Bill being served, provided reasonable protection. A formal Bill was served and the matter proceeded to detailed assessment in the Supreme Court Costs Office. The matter was heard by Principal Costs Officer Lambert. He assessed the prospects of success at 65% and, using the “Ready Reckoner”, allowed a success fee of 55%. Taken together with the other reductions made, the Bill of Costs was reduced from £35,150.50 to £13,991.83. The Defendant therefore succeeded on its offer and was awarded the costs of the detailed assessment proceedings.
The Claimant was unhappy with the success fee allowed and appealed to a Costs Judge. An odd aspect of appeals from a Costs Officer to a Costs Judge, in addition to there being an automatic right of appeal, is that such an appeal is by way of a complete rehearing rather than a straight appeal. This means that the Costs Judge will consider the matter afresh rather than simply decide whether to uphold or overturn the Costs Officer’s decision.
The “appeal” was heard by Master O’Hare who decided not only that the Costs Officer’s assessment of the prospects of success had not been unduly low but had actually been too high. He assessed the prospects of success at 67% and, based on the “Ready Reckoner”, this reduced the success fee to 50%, which was what he allowed. The Claimant’s appeal therefore not only failed but resulted in a further reduction to the amount which had originally been awarded. The Defendant was awarded the costs of the appeal.
Until fixed success fees are introduced for this type of case, costs draftsmen and other costs professionals will continue to struggle to advise their clients in these claims.